网上流行的sql常见面试50题练习。本文使用的数据库为MySQL 8.0。
测试数据介绍 学生表 Student(SId,Sname,Sage,Ssex)。–SId 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别
课程表 Course(CId,Cname,TId) –CId –课程编号,Cname 课程名称,TId 教师编号
教师表 Teacher(TId,Tname) –TId 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名
成绩表 Score(SId,CId,score) –SId 学生编号,CId 课程编号,score 分数
测试数据:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 CREATE TABLE `Student` ( `SId` VARCHAR (20 ), `Sname` VARCHAR (20 ) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' , `Sage` VARCHAR (20 ) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' , `Ssex` VARCHAR (10 ) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' , PRIMARY KEY (`s_id` ) ); CREATE TABLE `Course` ( `CId` VARCHAR (20 ), `Cname` VARCHAR (20 ) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' , `TId` VARCHAR (20 ) NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`c_id` ) ); CREATE TABLE `Teacher` ( `Td` VARCHAR (20 ), `Tname` VARCHAR (20 ) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' , PRIMARY KEY (`t_id` ) ); CREATE TABLE `Score` ( `SId` VARCHAR (20 ), `CId` VARCHAR (20 ), `score` INT (3 ), PRIMARY KEY (`s_id` ,`c_id` ) ); insert into Student values ('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男' );insert into Student values ('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男' );insert into Student values ('03' , '孙风' , '1990-12-20' , '男' );insert into Student values ('04' , '李云' , '1990-12-06' , '男' );insert into Student values ('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女' );insert into Student values ('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-01-01' , '女' );insert into Student values ('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-01-01' , '女' );insert into Student values ('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女' );insert into Student values ('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女' );insert into Student values ('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女' );insert into Student values ('11' , '李四' , '2012-06-06' , '女' );insert into Student values ('12' , '赵六' , '2013-06-13' , '女' );insert into Student values ('13' , '孙七' , '2014-06-01' , '女' );insert into Course values ('01' , '语文' , '02' );insert into Course values ('02' , '数学' , '01' );insert into Course values ('03' , '英语' , '03' );insert into Teacher values ('01' , '张三' );insert into Teacher values ('02' , '李四' );insert into Teacher values ('03' , '王五' );insert into Score values ('01' , '01' , 80 );insert into Score values ('01' , '02' , 90 );insert into Score values ('01' , '03' , 99 );insert into Score values ('02' , '01' , 70 );insert into Score values ('02' , '02' , 60 );insert into Score values ('02' , '03' , 80 );insert into Score values ('03' , '01' , 80 );insert into Score values ('03' , '02' , 80 );insert into Score values ('03' , '03' , 80 );insert into Score values ('04' , '01' , 50 );insert into Score values ('04' , '02' , 30 );insert into Score values ('04' , '03' , 20 );insert into Score values ('05' , '01' , 76 );insert into Score values ('05' , '02' , 87 );insert into Score values ('06' , '01' , 31 );insert into Score values ('06' , '03' , 34 );insert into Score values ('07' , '02' , 89 );insert into Score values ('07' , '03' , 98 );mysql> SELECT * FROM Student ORDER BY SId; + | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | + | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 09 | 张三 | 2017-12-20 00:00:00 | 女 | | 10 | 李四 | 2017-12-25 00:00:00 | 女 | | 11 | 李四 | 2012-06-06 00:00:00 | 女 | | 12 | 赵六 | 2013-06-13 00:00:00 | 女 | | 13 | 孙七 | 2014-06-01 00:00:00 | 女 | + mysql> SELECT * FROM Score ORDER BY SId, CId, score DESC; + | SId | CId | score | + | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | | 04 | 03 | 20.0 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | | 06 | 01 | 31.0 | | 06 | 03 | 34.0 | | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | + mysql> SELECT * FROM Course ORDER BY CId; + | CId | Cname | TId | + | 01 | 语文 | 02 | | 02 | 数学 | 01 | | 03 | 英语 | 03 | + mysql> SELECT * FROM Teacher; + | TId | Tname | + | 01 | 张三 | | 02 | 李四 | | 03 | 王五 | +
1. 查询” 01 “课程比” 02 “课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数 解题思路:
首先找出选了01课程和02课程的学生及分数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SELECT * FROM ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' ) AS a INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) AS b ON a.SId = b.SId;
得到信息如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +------+------+-------+------+------+-------+ | SId | CId | score | SId | CId | score | +------+------+-------+------+------+-------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | +------+------+-------+------+------+-------+
然后把这个表和学生信息表连接:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 SELECT *FROM Student AS sINNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' ) AS a INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) AS b ON s.SId = a.SIdAND a.SId = b.SId;
得到如下信息:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | SId | CId | score | SId | CId | score | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+
最后使用where条件,过滤出01课程分数大于02课程分数的。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 SELECT s.*, a.score AS "01课程成绩" , b.score AS "02课程成绩" FROM Student AS sINNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' ) AS a INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) AS b ON s.SId = a.SIdAND a.SId = b.SIdWHERE a.score > b.score;
最终结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+----------------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | 01课程成绩 | 02课程成绩 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+----------------+ | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 70.0 | 60.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 50.0 | 30.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+----------------+
2. 查询” 01 “课程比” 02 “课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数 思路:与上一题类似 代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 SELECT s.*, a.score AS "01课程成绩" , b.score AS "02课程成绩" FROM Student AS sINNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' ) AS a INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) AS b ON s.SId = a.SIdAND a.SId = b.SIdWHERE a.score < b.score;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+----------------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | 01课程成绩 | 02课程成绩 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+----------------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 80.0 | 90.0 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 76.0 | 87.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+----------------+
3. 查询同时选了” 01 “课程和” 02 “课程的情况 解题思路:找出选了01课程的表a,找出选了02课程的表b,把这两表连接,其中学生SId相同。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 SELECT * FROM ( SELECT SId , CId, score AS "01课程成绩" FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' ) AS a INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, score AS "02课程成绩" FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) AS b ON a.SId = b.SId;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +------+------+----------------+------+------+----------------+ | SId | CId | 01课程成绩 | SId | CId | 02课程成绩 | +------+------+----------------+------+------+----------------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | +------+------+----------------+------+------+----------------+
4. 查询不存在” 01 “课程但存在” 02 “课程的情况 解题思路:找出选择了02课程的学生,这些学生不在(NOT IN)选了01课程的学生名单中。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SELECT SId , CId, score AS "02课程成绩" FROM ScoreWHERE CId = '02' AND SId NOT IN ( SELECT SId FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+------+----------------+ | SId | CId | 02课程成绩 | +------+------+----------------+ | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | +------+------+----------------+
5. 查询学过编号为”01”但是没有学过编号为”02”的课程的同学的信息 解题思路:和4题类似,只是需要额外与Student表连接,找出学生信息
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 SELECT s.*, t.CId, t.score AS "01课程成绩" FROM Student AS s INNER JOIN ( SELECT * FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' AND SId NOT IN ( SELECT SId FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) )AS t ON s.SId = t.SId;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+----------------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | CId | 01课程成绩 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+----------------+ | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 01 | 31.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+----------------+
6. 查询存在” 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 “课程的情况(不存在时显示为null) 解题思路:找出选01课程的课程信息表a,找出选了02课程的课程信息表b,以表a为主表,使用LEFT JOIN连接,
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 SELECT *FROM ( SELECT * FROM Score WHERE CId = '01' ) AS a LEFT JOIN ( SELECT * FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' ) AS b ON a.SId = b.SId;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+------+-------+------+------+-------+ | SId | CId | score | SId | CId | score | +------+------+-------+------+------+-------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | | 06 | 01 | 31.0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | +------+------+-------+------+------+-------+
7. 查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩 解题思路:涉及到student表和score表,先把这两张表连接起来。因为要求每个学生的各科的平均成绩,因此对学生分组,设置分组条件为平均成绩大于等于 60 分。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, ROUND (AVG (sc.score), 2 ) as 'avg_score' FROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Student AS stON sc.SId = st.SIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.SnameHAVING avg_score >= 60 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +------+--------+-----------+ | SId | Sname | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 89.67 | | 02 | 钱电 | 70.00 | | 03 | 孙风 | 80.00 | | 05 | 周梅 | 81.50 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 93.50 | +------+--------+-----------+
8. 查询所有课程成绩小于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和成绩,如果没有成绩,则显示null 解题思路:成绩小于60分为两种情况,一种是有成绩,且小于60;另一种是没有成绩,对于这些学生,TA的SId存在但是score不存在,因此使用student表 LEFT JOIN score表。
代码:
1 2 3 4 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, sc.scoreFROM Student AS st LEFT JOIN Score AS sc ON sc.SId = st.SIdWHERE sc.score IS NULL OR sc.score < 60 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +------+--------+-------+ | SId | Sname | score | +------+--------+-------+ | 04 | 李云 | 50.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 30.0 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 31.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 20.0 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 34.0 | | 09 | 张三 | NULL | | 10 | 李四 | NULL | | 11 | 李四 | NULL | | 12 | 赵六 | NULL | | 13 | 孙七 | NULL | +------+--------+-------+
9. 查询在 Score 表存在成绩的学生信息 解题思路:有两种方法,一种是用IN, (Student表中的学生ID) IN (Score表中存在成绩的学生ID)。 第二种方法是把两个表连接,以Student表为主表,左连接Score,如果不存在成绩那么score为null,存在成绩,则score IS NOT NULL
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 SELECT *FROM StudentWHERE SId IN ( SELECT SId FROM Score WHERE score IS NOT NULL ); SELECT DISTINCT st.*FROM Student AS st LEFT JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId=sc.SId WHERE sc.score IS NOT NULL ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
10. 查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 0 ) 解题思路:把student表和score表连接,其中部分学生没有成绩,即score=null。然后把学生分组,计算每个学生的选课总数和总成绩。
代码:
1 2 3 4 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, COUNT (sc.CId) AS '选课总数' , CAST (SUM (COALESCE (sc.score, 0 )) as real ) AS '总成绩' FROM Student AS st LEFT JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname;
这里使用了COALESCE()函数,返回参数中的第一个不为NULL的表达式(从左向右),如果传入的参数所有都是null,则返回null。
这个函数在这段sql语句中的作用是如果sc.score不是null,那么返回值是sc.score本身;如果sc.score是null,那么返回给定值0。
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 +------+--------+--------------+-----------+ | SId | Sname | 选课总数 | 总成绩 | +------+--------+--------------+-----------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 3 | 269 | | 02 | 钱电 | 3 | 210 | | 03 | 孙风 | 3 | 240 | | 04 | 李云 | 3 | 100 | | 05 | 周梅 | 2 | 163 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 2 | 65 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 2 | 187 | | 09 | 张三 | 0 | 0 | | 10 | 李四 | 0 | 0 | | 11 | 李四 | 0 | 0 | | 12 | 赵六 | 0 | 0 | | 13 | 孙七 | 0 | 0 | +------+--------+--------------+-----------+
11.查询”李”姓老师的数量 解题思路:使用LIKE关键字。在MySQL中,通配符%
可以替代0个或多个字符,通配符-
替代一个字符。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT COUNT (TId) AS '李老师数量' FROM TeacherWHERE Tname LIKE '李%' ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +-----------------+ | 李老师数量 | +-----------------+ | 1 | +-----------------+
12. 查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息 解题思路:直接把四张表连接起来,使用教师名字作为WHERE条件过滤。或者把学生表和分数表连接,课程表和教师表连接,以课程ID作为过滤条件。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 SELECT st.*FROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId IN ( SELECT C.CId FROM Course AS C INNER JOIN Teacher AS T ON C.TId = T.TId WHERE T.Tname = '张三' );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
13. 查询没学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息 解题思路:先把所有学过张三课程的学生id找出来,过程是把course表,teacher表和score表连接,由教师名字-》教师号-》课程ID-》学生,最后在学生表中去掉这些学生,得到的就是没有学过张三课的学生。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT *FROM Student WHERE SId NOT IN ( SELECT sc.SId FROM Course AS C INNER JOIN Teacher AS T INNER JOIN Score AS sc ON C.TId = T.TId AND C.CId = sc.CId WHERE T.Tname = '张三' );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 09 | 张三 | 2017-12-20 00:00:00 | 女 | | 10 | 李四 | 2017-12-25 00:00:00 | 女 | | 11 | 李四 | 2012-06-06 00:00:00 | 女 | | 12 | 赵六 | 2013-06-13 00:00:00 | 女 | | 13 | 孙七 | 2014-06-01 00:00:00 | 女 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
14. 查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息 解题思路:先找出总共的课程数量。然后在成绩表中按学生号分组,查询每个学生学习的课程数量是否等于总课程数量。最后在学生信息表中去掉这些学全所有课程的同学,剩下的就是没有学全的。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT *FROM StudentWHERE SId NOT IN ( SELECT SId FROM Score GROUP BY SId HAVING COUNT (CId) = (SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT CId) FROM Course) );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 09 | 张三 | 2017-12-20 00:00:00 | 女 | | 10 | 李四 | 2017-12-25 00:00:00 | 女 | | 11 | 李四 | 2012-06-06 00:00:00 | 女 | | 12 | 赵六 | 2013-06-13 00:00:00 | 女 | | 13 | 孙七 | 2014-06-01 00:00:00 | 女 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
15. 查询学过编号为”01”但是没有学过编号为”02”的课程的同学的信息 解题思路:把学生表和成绩表连接,找出学过课程Id为01的这些学生,然后在这些学生中,去除学过课程id为02 的学生。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SELECT st.*, sc.CId, sc.scoreFROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Student AS stON sc.SId = st.SIdWHERE CId = '01' AND sc.SId NOT IN ( SELECT SId FROM Score WHERE CId = '02' );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+-------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | CId | score | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+-------+ | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 01 | 31.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+-------+
16.查询至少有一门课与学号为”01”的同学所学相同的同学的信息 解题思路:把学生表和成绩表连接,找出(成绩表中课程) IN (学号01的学生学习的所有课程),注意把01学生自己排除掉。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT DISTINCT st.*FROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId IN ( SELECT CId FROM Score WHERE SId = '01' ) AND sc.SId != '01' ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
17. 查询和学号为”01”的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息 解题思路:完全相同有两个条件,一个是课程id相同,一个是课程数量相同。 先查找学号01学习了哪些课程(比如学了1 2 3), 然后找这样的学生:他们学习的课程和学号01学习的课程有相同的(比如学号02学了1 2 3,学号03学了1 3, 学号04学了1),注意把学号01自身过滤掉 最后,有相同的课程,但是课程数量可能不一样,因此还需要以课程数量相同作为进一步的筛选条件,得出数量相同并且课程编号相同的学生。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SELECT st.SId, st.SnameFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId IN ( SELECT CId FROM Score WHERE SId = '01' ) AND sc.SId != '01' GROUP BY st.SId, st.SnameHAVING COUNT (DISTINCT sc.CId) = (SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT CId) FROM Score WHERE SId = '01' );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +------+--------+ | SId | Sname | +------+--------+ | 02 | 钱电 | | 03 | 孙风 | | 04 | 李云 | +------+--------+
18. 查询课程编号为“02”的总成绩 解题思路:使用SUM函数
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT SUM (score) AS '02课程总成绩' FROM ScoreWHERE CId = '02' ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +-------------------+ | 02课程总成绩 | +-------------------+ | 436.0 | +-------------------+
19. 检索” 01 “课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息 解题思路:
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.*, sc.score AS '01课程分数' FROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId = '01' AND sc.score < 60 ORDER BY sc.score DESC ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | 01课程分数 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+ | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 50.0 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 31.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+----------------+
20. 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩 解题思路:先在分数表中找出所有不及格的学生,然后在其中把学生分组,找出每个学生不及格的数量,选择不及格课程数量>=2的学生。 然后把学生表和分数表连接,对学生分组,找出学生id是上一步中不及格>=2的学生id。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, AVG (sc.score) AS avg_scoreFROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Student AS stON sc.SId = st.SIdWHERE st.SId IN ( SELECT SId FROM Score WHERE score < 60 GROUP BY SId HAVING COUNT (CId) >= 2 ) GROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+-----------+ | SId | Sname | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 04 | 李云 | 33.33333 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 32.50000 | +------+--------+-----------+
21. 按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩 解题思路:把每个学生的平均成绩找出来记为表t,和成绩表连接。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT sc.*, t.avg_scoreFROM Score as sc LEFT JOIN ( SELECT SId , AVG (score) as avg_score FROM Score GROUP BY SId ) as t ON sc.SId = t.SIdORDER BY avg_score DESC ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 +------+------+-------+-----------+ | SId | CId | score | avg_score | +------+------+-------+-----------+ | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | 93.50000 | | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | 93.50000 | | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 89.66667 | | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | 89.66667 | | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | 89.66667 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 81.50000 | | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | 81.50000 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | 80.00000 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 80.00000 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | 80.00000 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 70.00000 | | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | 70.00000 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | 70.00000 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 33.33333 | | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | 33.33333 | | 04 | 03 | 20.0 | 33.33333 | | 06 | 03 | 34.0 | 32.50000 | | 06 | 01 | 31.0 | 32.50000 | +------+------+-------+-----------+
22. 查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分 以如下形式显示:课程 ID,课程 name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率 及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90 要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
解题思路:需要按各科成绩统计,因此首先把课程分组,然后使用COUNT, MAX, MIN, AVG函数计算对应值
及格率的计算公式:这门课及格的人数/选这门课的总人数,其中及格为score>=60
中等率的计算公式:这门课中等的人数/选这门课的总人数,其中中等为s.score >= 70 AND s.score <80
计算过程:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) -- 得出及格数 SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) / COUNT(s.SId) -- 得出及格率 ROUND((SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) / COUNT(s.SId)) * 100, 2) --把及格率转换为百分比形式,如0.6667,转为66.67 CONCAT(ROUND((SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) / COUNT(s.SId)) * 100, 2), '%') AS '及格率' --用concat加上'%'号
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 SELECT c.CId AS '课程ID' , c.Cname AS '课程名称' , COUNT (s.SId) AS '选修人数' , MAX (s.score) AS '最高分' , MIN (s.score) AS '最低分' , ROUND (AVG (s.score), 2 ) AS '平均分' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (IF (s.score >= 60 , 1 , 0 )) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '及格率' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (IF (s.score >= 70 AND s.score <80 , 1 , 0 )) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '中等率' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (IF (s.score >= 80 AND s.score <90 , 1 , 0 )) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '优良率' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (IF (s.score >= 90 AND s.score <=100 , 1 , 0 )) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '优秀率' FROM Score AS s INNER JOIN Course AS cON s.CId = c.CIdGROUP BY c.CId, c.CnameORDER BY '选修人数' DESC , c.CId;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +----------+--------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 课程ID | 课程名称 | 选修人数 | 最高分 | 最低分 | 平均分 | 及格率 | 中等率 | 优良率 | 优秀率 | +----------+--------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 01 | 语文 | 6 | 80.0 | 31.0 | 64.50 | 66.67% | 33.33% | 33.33% | 0.00% | | 02 | 数学 | 6 | 90.0 | 30.0 | 72.67 | 83.33% | 0.00% | 50.00% | 16.67% | | 03 | 英语 | 6 | 99.0 | 20.0 | 68.50 | 66.67% | 0.00% | 33.33% | 33.33% | +----------+--------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
23. 按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺 解题思路:按学科类别显示排名, 使用窗口函数,partition by 课程类别, order by 分数 逆序排列。 总分相同时保留空缺,即1,2,2,4,5这样,使用rank()函数
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *, RANK () OVER (partition by CId ORDER BY score DESC ) AS '排名' FROM ScoreORDER BY CId, 排名;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 +------+------+-------+--------+ | SId | CId | score | 排名 | +------+------+-------+--------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 1 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 1 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 3 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 4 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 5 | | 06 | 01 | 31.0 | 6 | | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | 1 | | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | 2 | | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | 3 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | 4 | | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | 5 | | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | 6 | | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | 1 | | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | 2 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | 3 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | 3 | | 06 | 03 | 34.0 | 5 | | 04 | 03 | 20.0 | 6 | +------+------+-------+--------+
24. 按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, 总分重复时合并名次 解题思路:与23题大体相同,不同的是总分重复时合并名次,即1,2,2,3,4,5这样,选择dense_rank()函数。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *, DENSE_RANK () OVER (partition by CId ORDER BY score DESC ) AS '排名' FROM ScoreORDER BY CId, 排名;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 +------+------+-------+--------+ | SId | CId | score | 排名 | +------+------+-------+--------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 1 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 1 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 2 | | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | 3 | | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | 4 | | 06 | 01 | 31.0 | 5 | | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | 1 | | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | 2 | | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | 3 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | 4 | | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | 5 | | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | 6 | | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | 1 | | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | 2 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | 3 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | 3 | | 06 | 03 | 34.0 | 4 | | 04 | 03 | 20.0 | 5 | +------+------+-------+--------+
25. 查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺 解题思路:先把学生分组,计算每个学生的总成绩,然后对分数进行排名,使用rank()窗口函数。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT SId , SUM (score) AS '总成绩' , rank () OVER (ORDER BY SUM (score) DESC ) AS '排名' FROM ScoreGROUP BY SId ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 +------+-----------+--------+ | SId | 总成绩 | 排名 | +------+-----------+--------+ | 01 | 269.0 | 1 | | 03 | 240.0 | 2 | | 02 | 210.0 | 3 | | 07 | 187.0 | 4 | | 05 | 163.0 | 5 | | 04 | 100.0 | 6 | | 06 | 65.0 | 7 | +------+-----------+--------+
26. 查询学生的平均成绩,并进行排名 解题思路:和26题类似。函数换成AVG()
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT SId , AVG (score) AS '平均成绩' , rank () OVER (ORDER BY AVG (score) DESC ) AS '排名' FROM ScoreGROUP BY SId ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 +------+--------------+--------+ | SId | 平均成绩 | 排名 | +------+--------------+--------+ | 07 | 93.50000 | 1 | | 01 | 89.66667 | 2 | | 05 | 81.50000 | 3 | | 03 | 80.00000 | 4 | | 02 | 70.00000 | 5 | | 04 | 33.33333 | 6 | | 06 | 32.50000 | 7 | +------+--------------+--------+
27. 统计各科成绩各分数段的人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[60-0]及所占百分比 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) -- 得出及格数 SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) / COUNT(s.SId) -- 得出及格率 ROUND((SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) / COUNT(s.SId)) * 100, 2) --把及格率转换为百分比形式,如0.6667,转为66.67 CONCAT(ROUND((SUM(IF(s.score >= 60, 1, 0)) / COUNT(s.SId)) * 100, 2), '%') AS '及格率' --用concat加上'%'号
解题思路:
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SELECT c.CId, c.Cname, CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (CASE WHEN s.score>=85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '[100-85]分数段占比' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (CASE WHEN s.score>=70 AND s.score < 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '[85-70]分数段占比' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (CASE WHEN s.score>=60 AND s.score < 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '[70-60]分数段占比' , CONCAT (ROUND ((SUM (CASE WHEN s.score>=0 AND s.score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) / COUNT (s.SId)) * 100 , 2 ), '%' ) AS '[60-0]分数段占比' FROM Score AS s INNER JOIN Course AS cON s.CId = c.CIdGROUP BY c.CId, c.Cname;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +------+--------+-------------------------+------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+ | CId | Cname | [100-85]分数段占比 | [85-70]分数段占比 | [70-60]分数段占比 | [60-0]分数段占比 | +------+--------+-------------------------+------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+ | 01 | 语文 | 0.00% | 66.67% | 0.00% | 33.33% | | 02 | 数学 | 50.00% | 16.67% | 16.67% | 16.67% | | 03 | 英语 | 33.33% | 33.33% | 0.00% | 33.33% | +------+--------+-------------------------+------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+
28. 查询各科成绩前三名的记录 解题思路:首先按学科分组,对每个学科的分数进行排名,得到一个排名列(类似于23题)。然后把这个排名列放在分数表右边。最后过滤出排名为1,2,3的,再用order排序。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT s.SId, s.CId, s.score, t.rankFROM Score as s INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, row_number() OVER (partition by CId ORDER BY score DESC ) AS 'rank' FROM Score ) as t ON s.SId = t.SIdAND s.CId = t.CIdWHERE t.rank = 1 or t.rank = 2 or t.rank = 3 ORDER BY s.CId, t.rank;
第二种方法:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SELECT *FROM ( SELECT SId , CId, score, row_number() OVER (partition by CId order by score DESC ) AS 'rank' FROM Score ) as t WHERE t.rank IN (1 ,2 ,3 );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 +------+------+-------+------+ | SId | CId | score | rank | +------+------+-------+------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | 1 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | 2 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | 3 | | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | 1 | | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | 2 | | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | 3 | | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | 1 | | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | 2 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | 3 | +------+------+-------+------+
如果不是前3名,而是前3000名,那么上面两种方法就不适用了。因此考虑第三种方法:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT a.SId, a.CId, a.scoreFROM Score AS aWHERE ( SELECT COUNT (1 ) FROM Score AS b WHERE b.CId = a.CId AND b.score > a.score ) < 3 ORDER BY a.CId, a.score DESC ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +------+------+-------+ | SId | CId | score | +------+------+-------+ | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | +------+------+-------+
这里的count(1),1并不是表示第一个字段,而是表示一共有多少符合条件的行。
29. 查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩 解题思路:和29题一样,只不过需要多连接一个学生表查出学生信息。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SELECT st.*, s.CId, s.score, t.rankFROM Student as st INNER JOIN Score as s INNER JOIN ( SELECT SId , CId, row_number() OVER (partition by CId ORDER BY score DESC ) AS 'rank' FROM Score ) as t ON st.SId = s.SIdAND s.SId = t.SIdAND s.CId = t.CIdWHERE t.rank = 2 or t.rank = 3 ORDER BY s.CId, t.rank;
第二种写法:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 SELECT * FROM ( SELECT st.*, sc.CId, sc.score, row_number() over (partition BY sc.CId ORDER BY sc.score DESC ) AS 'rank' FROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Student AS st ON sc.SId = st.SId ) as t WHERE t.rank IN (2 ,3 );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+-------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | CId | score | rank | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+-------+------+ | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 01 | 80.0 | 2 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 01 | 76.0 | 3 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 02 | 89.0 | 2 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 02 | 87.0 | 3 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 03 | 98.0 | 2 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 03 | 80.0 | 3 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+-------+------+
30. 查询每门课选修的学生人数 解题思路:对课程分组,用COUNT计算人数
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT CId, COUNT (SId ) AS '选修人数' FROM ScoreGROUP BY CId;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +------+--------------+ | CId | 选修人数 | +------+--------------+ | 01 | 6 | | 02 | 6 | | 03 | 6 | +------+--------------+
31.查询出只修两门课程的学生学号和姓名 解题思路:把学生表和成绩表连接,然后对学生分组,使用COUNT统计每个学生的课程数量,使用HAVING过滤出数量=2的。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.SId, st.SnameFROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Student AS stON sc.SId = st.SIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.SnameHAVING COUNT (sc.CId) = 2 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +------+--------+ | SId | Sname | +------+--------+ | 05 | 周梅 | | 06 | 吴兰 | | 07 | 郑竹 | +------+--------+
32.查询男生、女生人数 解题思路:对性别分组,使用COUNT计算人数。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT Ssex AS '性别' , COUNT (*) AS '人数' FROM StudentGROUP BY Ssex;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +--------+--------+ | 性别 | 人数 | +--------+--------+ | 男 | 4 | | 女 | 8 | +--------+--------+
33. 查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息 解题思路:使用LIKE关键字,使用%
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *FROM StudentWHERE Sname LIKE '%风%' ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
34. 查询同名学生名单,并统计同名人数 解题思路:对学生名字分组,使用COUNT统计人数。
代码:
1 2 3 4 SELECT Sname, COUNT (SId ) AS '同名人数' FROM StudentGROUP BY SnameHAVING COUNT (SId ) >= 2 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +--------+--------------+ | Sname | 同名人数 | +--------+--------------+ | 李四 | 2 | +--------+--------------+
扩展: 求出同名同性的:
1 2 3 4 SELECT s1.Sname, s1.Ssex, COUNT (*) AS '同名同性人数' FROM Student AS s1 INNER JOIN Student AS s2ON s1.SId != s2.SId AND s1.Sname = s2.Sname AND s1.Ssex = s2.SsexGROUP BY s1.Sname, s1.Ssex;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +--------+------+--------------------+ | Sname | Ssex | 同名同性人数 | +--------+------+--------------------+ | 李四 | 女 | 2 | +--------+------+--------------------+
35. 查询 1990 年出生的学生名单 解题思路:使用YEAR()函数求出日期中关于年份的。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *FROM StudentWHERE YEAR (Sage) = '1990' ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
36. 查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩 解题思路:把学生表和分数表连接,对学生分组,求出每个学生的平均成绩,使用HAVING过滤出>=85的。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, AVG (sc.score) AS 'avg_score' FROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.SnameHAVING avg_score >= 85 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+-----------+ | SId | Sname | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 89.66667 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 93.50000 | +------+--------+-----------+
37. 查询课程名称为「数学」,且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数 解题思路:把学生表,分数表,课程表连接,使用WHERE过滤条件。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.Sname, sc.scoreFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS sc INNER JOIN Course AS coON st.SId = sc.SIdAND sc.CId = co.CIdWHERE co.Cname = '数学' AND sc.score < 60 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +--------+-------+ | Sname | score | +--------+-------+ | 李云 | 30.0 | +--------+-------+
38. 查询所有学生的课程及分数情况(存在学生没成绩,没选课的情况) 解题思路:需要学生信息,分数信息和课程信息。所以先把三表连接,找出所有学生信息,
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.SId, st.SnameFROM Student AS st LEFT JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SIdLEFT JOIN Course AS co ON sc.CId = co.CIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname;
然后按课程统计各科分数及总成绩:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, SUM (CASE WHEN co.Cname='语文' THEN sc.score ELSE 0 END ) AS '语文成绩' , SUM (CASE WHEN co.Cname='数学' THEN sc.score ELSE 0 END ) AS '数学成绩' , SUM (CASE WHEN co.Cname='英语' THEN sc.score ELSE 0 END ) AS '英语成绩' , SUM (sc.score) AS '总分' FROM Student AS st LEFT JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SIdLEFT JOIN Course AS co ON sc.CId = co.CIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname;
其中,每个学生的各科成绩只有一门,为了在学生分组中取出这门成绩使用SUM函数,而不是为了对该科成绩求和。 得到结果如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 +------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------+ | SId | Sname | 语文成绩 | 数学成绩 | 英语成绩 | 总分 | +------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 80.0 | 90.0 | 99.0 | 269.0 | | 02 | 钱电 | 70.0 | 60.0 | 80.0 | 210.0 | | 03 | 孙风 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 240.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 50.0 | 30.0 | 20.0 | 100.0 | | 05 | 周梅 | 76.0 | 87.0 | 0.0 | 163.0 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 31.0 | 0.0 | 34.0 | 65.0 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 0.0 | 89.0 | 98.0 | 187.0 | | 09 | 张三 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NULL | | 10 | 李四 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NULL | | 11 | 李四 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NULL | | 12 | 赵六 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NULL | | 13 | 孙七 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NULL | +------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------+
接下来对数据处理,第一步,把总分中的NULL转换为0,需要用COALESCE()函数。第二步,去除小数点后的0,使用CAST函数,
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, CAST (SUM (CASE WHEN co.Cname='语文' THEN sc.score ELSE 0 END ) as real ) AS '语文成绩' , CAST (SUM (CASE WHEN co.Cname='数学' THEN sc.score ELSE 0 END ) as real ) AS '数学成绩' , CAST (SUM (CASE WHEN co.Cname='英语' THEN sc.score ELSE 0 END ) as real ) AS '英语成绩' , CAST (COALESCE (SUM (sc.score), 0 ) as real ) AS '总分' FROM Student AS st LEFT JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SIdLEFT JOIN Course AS co ON sc.CId = co.CIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 +------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------+ | SId | Sname | 语文成绩 | 数学成绩 | 英语成绩 | 总分 | +------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 80 | 90 | 99 | 269 | | 02 | 钱电 | 70 | 60 | 80 | 210 | | 03 | 孙风 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 240 | | 04 | 李云 | 50 | 30 | 20 | 100 | | 05 | 周梅 | 76 | 87 | 0 | 163 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 31 | 0 | 34 | 65 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 0 | 89 | 98 | 187 | | 09 | 张三 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 10 | 李四 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 11 | 李四 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 12 | 赵六 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 13 | 孙七 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------+
39. 查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示 解题思路:把课程表和分数表连接,对老师及所教课程分组,使用AVG()计算平均分,DESC逆序排列。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT co.TId, co.CId, AVG (sc.score) AS 'avg_score' FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Score AS scON co.CId = sc.CIdGROUP BY co.TId, co.CIdORDER BY avg_score DESC ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +------+------+-----------+ | TId | CId | avg_score | +------+------+-----------+ | 01 | 02 | 72.66667 | | 03 | 03 | 68.50000 | | 02 | 01 | 64.50000 | +------+------+-----------+
40. 查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数 解题思路:
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT st.Sname, co.Cname, sc.scoreFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SIdINNER JOIN Course AS co ON sc.CId = co.CIdWHERE sc.score > 70 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 +--------+--------+-------+ | Sname | Cname | score | +--------+--------+-------+ | 赵雷 | 语文 | 80.0 | | 赵雷 | 数学 | 90.0 | | 赵雷 | 英语 | 99.0 | | 钱电 | 英语 | 80.0 | | 孙风 | 语文 | 80.0 | | 孙风 | 数学 | 80.0 | | 孙风 | 英语 | 80.0 | | 周梅 | 语文 | 76.0 | | 周梅 | 数学 | 87.0 | | 郑竹 | 数学 | 89.0 | | 郑竹 | 英语 | 98.0 | +--------+--------+-------+
41. 查询不及格的课程并按课程号从大到小排列 解题思路:使用WHERE过滤出不及格的课程,DESC从大到小排序。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT sc.CId, co.Cname, sc.scoreFROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Course AS coON sc.CId = co.CIdWHERE sc.score < 60 ORDER BY sc.CId DESC ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +------+--------+-------+ | CId | Cname | score | +------+--------+-------+ | 03 | 英语 | 20.0 | | 03 | 英语 | 34.0 | | 02 | 数学 | 30.0 | | 01 | 语文 | 50.0 | | 01 | 语文 | 31.0 | +------+--------+-------+
42. 查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名 解题思路:把分数表和学生表连接,使用WHERE过滤条件。
代码:
1 2 3 4 SELECT st.SId, st.SnameFROM Score AS sc INNER JOIN Student AS st ON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId = '01' AND sc.score >= 80 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+ | SId | Sname | +------+--------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | | 03 | 孙风 | +------+--------+
43. 成绩不重复,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩 解题思路:首先找出张三老师教的课程编号:
1 2 3 4 SELECT co.CIdFROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS teON co.TId = te.TIdWHERE te.Tname = '张三' ;
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+ | CId | +------+ | 02 | +------+
然后把学生表和成绩表连接,找出成绩表中课程编号是02的所有成绩,取最高的成绩及其学生信息。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 SELECT st.*, sc.scoreFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId = ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' ) ORDER BY sc.score DESC LIMIT 0 ,1 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | score | +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 90.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+
44. 成绩有重复的情况下,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩 为了验证本题答案正确性,先把原Score表中的数据做下修改,设张三老师课程下有两个最高分的。
1 2 3 UPDATE Score SET score=90 where SId = "07" and CId ="02" ;
解题思路:和44题类似,首先找出张三老师教的课程编号,以及该课程下最高的分数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 SELECT co.CIdFROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS teON co.TId = te.TIdWHERE te.Tname = '张三' ;SELECT MAX (score)FROM ScoreWHERE CId = ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' );
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 +------+ | CId | +------+ | 02 | +------+ +------------+ | MAX(score) | +------------+ | 90.0 | +------------+
然后,在分数表中筛选出满足这两个条件的: 第一,课程id是张三老师教课的课程id。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECT st.*, sc.score, sc.CIdFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId = ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' );
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | score | CId | +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 90.0 | 02 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 60.0 | 02 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 80.0 | 02 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 30.0 | 02 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 87.0 | 02 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 90.0 | 02 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+------+
第二, 在这个表基础上,找出分数是最高分的
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 SELECT st.*, sc.score, sc.CIdFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SIdWHERE sc.CId = ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' ) AND sc.score IN ( SELECT MAX (score) FROM Score WHERE CId = ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' ) );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | score | CId | +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 90.0 | 02 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 90.0 | 02 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+-------+------+
最后记得把表恢复到原表的成绩:
1 2 3 UPDATE Score SET score=89 where SId = "07" and CId ="02" ;
45. 查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩 解题思路:首先把分数表自连接成两份sc1和sc2,连接条件设为sc1.score = sc1.score 和 sc1.CId != sc2.CId,
1 2 3 SELECT sc1.SId, sc1.CId, sc1.scoreFROM Score AS sc1 INNER JOIN Score AS sc2ON sc1.score = sc2.score AND sc1.CId != sc2.CId;
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 +------+------+-------+ | SId | CId | score | +------+------+-------+ | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | +------+------+-------+
然后对SId去重, 代码:
1 2 3 SELECT DISTINCT sc1.SId, sc1.CId, sc1.scoreFROM Score AS sc1 INNER JOIN Score AS sc2ON sc1.score = sc2.score AND sc1.CId != sc2.CId
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +------+------+-------+ | SId | CId | score | +------+------+-------+ | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | +------+------+-------+
46. 统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过5人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列(不重要) 解题思路:对课程进行分组,分组条件设为人数>5。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT CId, COUNT (SId ) AS 'student_num' FROM ScoreGROUP BY CIdHAVING student_num > 5 ORDER BY student_num DESC , CId;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +------+-------------+ | CId | student_num | +------+-------------+ | 01 | 6 | | 02 | 6 | | 03 | 6 | +------+-------------+
47. 检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号 解题思路:对分数表中的学生分组,分组条件设为课程数量>=2。
代码:
1 2 3 4 SELECT SId FROM ScoreGROUP BY SId HAVING COUNT (CId) >= 2 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 +------+ | SId | +------+ | 01 | | 02 | | 03 | | 04 | | 05 | | 06 | | 07 | +------+
48. 查询选修了全部课程的学生信息 解题思路:先找出课程表中全部课程总共有多少。然后把学生表和分数表连接,并对学生进行分组,分组后对每个学生设置过滤条件,即该学生选修课程数量=全部课程数量。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SELECT st.SId, st.Sname, st.Sage, st.SsexFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname, st.Sage, st.SsexHAVING COUNT (sc.CId) = ( SELECT COUNT (CId) FROM Course );
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | +------+--------+---------------------+------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+
49.查询没学过“张三”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名 解题思路:首先找出张三讲授的所有课程的id:
1 2 3 4 SELECT co.CIdFROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS teON co.TId = te.TIdWHERE te.Tname = '张三' ;
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+ | CId | +------+ | 02 | +------+
然后,把学生表和成绩表连接:
1 2 3 SELECT *FROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SId;
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+------+-------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | SId | CId | score | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+------+-------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 01 | 01 | 80.0 | | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 01 | 02 | 90.0 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 02 | 01 | 70.0 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 02 | 02 | 60.0 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 03 | 01 | 80.0 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 03 | 02 | 80.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 04 | 01 | 50.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 04 | 02 | 30.0 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 05 | 01 | 76.0 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 05 | 02 | 87.0 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 06 | 01 | 31.0 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 07 | 02 | 89.0 | | 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 | 01 | 03 | 99.0 | | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 02 | 03 | 80.0 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 03 | 03 | 80.0 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 04 | 03 | 20.0 | | 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 06 | 03 | 34.0 | | 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 07 | 03 | 98.0 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+------+------+-------+
在这张表中,找出所有学过ID为02课程的学生。先对学生及其分数分组,设置过滤条件为学过ID为02课程的学生
找出所有学过课程id为02的学生:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SELECT st.SId, st.SnameFROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS scON st.SId = sc.SIdGROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname,sc.CIdHAVING sc.CId IN ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' );
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+ | SId | Sname | +------+--------+ | 01 | 赵雷 | | 02 | 钱电 | | 03 | 孙风 | | 04 | 李云 | | 05 | 周梅 | | 07 | 郑竹 | +------+--------+
最后,在学生表中,把这些学生排除掉,得到的就是没有学过“张三”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 SELECT SId , SnameFROM Student WHERE SId NOT IN ( SELECT st.SId FROM Student AS st INNER JOIN Score AS sc ON st.SId = sc.SId GROUP BY st.SId, st.Sname,sc.CId HAVING sc.CId IN ( SELECT co.CId FROM Course AS co INNER JOIN Teacher AS te ON co.TId = te.TId WHERE te.Tname = '张三' ) );
最后结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+ | SId | Sname | +------+--------+ | 06 | 吴兰 | | 09 | 张三 | | 10 | 李四 | | 11 | 李四 | | 12 | 赵六 | | 13 | 孙七 | +------+--------+
50. 查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩 解题思路:首先查出所有不及格的,再对学生分组,分组条件设为课程>2的。
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 SELECT SId , AVG (score) as avg_scoreFROM ScoreWHERE score < 60 GROUP BY SId HAVING COUNT (CId) > 2 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 +------+-----------+ | SId | avg_score | +------+-----------+ | 04 | 33.33333 | +------+-----------+
51. 查询各学生的年龄,只按年份来算 解题思路:使用YEAR()函数计算每个日期的年份,
代码:
1 2 SELECT Sname, Sage, YEAR (now ()) - YEAR (Sage) as '年龄' FROM Student;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 +--------+---------------------+--------+ | Sname | Sage | 年龄 | +--------+---------------------+--------+ | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 29 | | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 29 | | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 29 | | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 29 | | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 28 | | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 27 | | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 30 | | 张三 | 2017-12-20 00:00:00 | 2 | | 李四 | 2017-12-25 00:00:00 | 2 | | 李四 | 2012-06-06 00:00:00 | 7 | | 赵六 | 2013-06-13 00:00:00 | 6 | | 孙七 | 2014-06-01 00:00:00 | 5 | +--------+---------------------+--------+
52. 查询各学生的年龄,按出生日期算,当前月日 < 出生年月的月日,则年龄减一 解题思路:这个题目和52题不一样的地方在于,年龄需要加入月日的判断。 今天是2019年11月10日。 假如出生日期是2017年6月1日,当前月日11-10 > 出生月日06-01,ta现在的年龄是2019-11-10减去2017-06-01,结果是2岁 假如出生日期是2017年12月1日, 当前月日11-10 < 出生月日12-01,ta现在的年龄是(2019-11-10减去2017-12-01)再减去1,结果是1岁
代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 select Sname, Sage, (DATE_FORMAT (NOW (),'%Y' ) - DATE_FORMAT (Sage,'%Y' ) - (case when DATE_FORMAT (NOW (),'%m%d' ) < DATE_FORMAT (Sage,'%m%d' ) then 1 else 0 end ) ) as age from Student;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 +--------+---------------------+------+ | Sname | Sage | age | +--------+---------------------+------+ | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 29 | | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 28 | | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 28 | | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 28 | | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 27 | | 吴兰 | 1992-01-01 00:00:00 | 27 | | 郑竹 | 1989-01-01 00:00:00 | 30 | | 张三 | 2017-12-20 00:00:00 | 1 | | 李四 | 2017-12-25 00:00:00 | 1 | | 李四 | 2012-06-06 00:00:00 | 7 | | 赵六 | 2013-06-13 00:00:00 | 6 | | 孙七 | 2014-06-01 00:00:00 | 5 |
53. 查询本周过生日的学生 解题思路:使用week()函数,查出今天是第几周
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 +-------------+ | WEEK(NOW()) | +-------------+ | 45 | +-------------+
学生表中的出生日期的第n周 = 今天的第n周 代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *, week (Sage) AS '出生在第几周' FROM StudentWHERE WEEK (NOW ()) = WEEK (Sage);
结果:
54. 查询下周过生日的学生 解题思路:和54题类似。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *, week (Sage) AS '出生在第几周' FROM StudentWHERE WEEK (NOW ()+1 ) = WEEK (Sage);
结果:
55. 查询本月过生日的学生 解题思路:首先找出现在是几月:
得到:
1 2 3 4 5 +--------------+ | MONTH(NOW()) | +--------------+ | 11 | +--------------+
然后,在学生表中,找出出生月份是和本月月份相同的。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *, MONTH (Sage)FROM StudentWHERE MONTH (Sage) = MONTH (NOW ());
结果:
56. 查询下月过生日的学生 解题思路:和56题类似,只不过月份需要加1。
代码:
1 2 3 SELECT *, MONTH (Sage) AS '出生月份' FROM StudentWHERE MONTH (Sage) = MONTH (NOW ())+1 ;
结果:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +------+--------+---------------------+------+--------------+ | SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex | 出生月份 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+--------------+ | 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 | 12 | | 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 | 12 | | 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 | 12 | | 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 00:00:00 | 女 | 12 | | 09 | 张三 | 2017-12-20 00:00:00 | 女 | 12 | | 10 | 李四 | 2017-12-25 00:00:00 | 女 | 12 | +------+--------+---------------------+------+--------------+